Kabinettsumbildung in Indien - Berufsbildungsminister tritt zurück
Aktuell findet in Indien eine Kabinettsumbildung statt. Der indische Berufsbildungsminister tritt zurück. Lesen Sie zu den Hintergründen und den aktuellen Aufgaben des neuen Ministers zwei Artikel der indischen Plattform "Skill Reporter".
3 key tasks at hand for, Shri Dharmendra Pradhan, the newly appointed Union Minister for Skill Development & Entrepreneurship
When Rajiv Pratap Rudy became the first skill development minister of India in
November 2014, everyone - experts, media, the ruling alliance and skill
companies - were ecstatic. The first of its kind ministry had a big target and
the backing of Prime Minister (PM) Narendra Modi.
Almost three years on, Rudy's been replaced - and it's chaos. The targets are missing as much as the jobs for those who have been trained. The key skills body National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) is in the middle of nowhere, its top executives removed, its powers curtailed and its initials loans have turned bad.
Clearly, the new skills minister Dharmendra Pradhan and his new deputy Ananth Kumar Hegde have their work cut out. The big question is, can they deliver by the time the next general election comes along in 2019?
Petroleum minister Pradhan who has been elevated for his performance and given full charge of the skills ministry will have will have three key tasks at hand: accelerate the pace of skill development to achieve targets; bring jobs to the trainees; and put the whole skill eco-system in order.
"From PM downwards the skill mission is a clear priority. But where they are lagging is implementation on the ground. The new minister will have his plate full from day one," said Tahsin Zahid, chairman, skill development committee at industry lobby group PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
"We in Industry feel that despite funds and the intent, clarity in implementation was missing. If they wish to see impact before 2019, they need to put one system from day one and try their best to execute it without changing too many things every other month. That destabilizes the system and it has happened in past," Zahid said.
To be sure, one cannot blame Rudy and the skills ministry entirely as 22 departments and ministries are involved in the Skill India mission creating a complex situation for a three-year-old ministry which has to build everything from scratch.
Besides, NSDC, the key skills funding and implementing body, does not have the capability to do everything. For example, the STAR (Standard Training Assessment and Reward) scheme that introduced a monetary incentive system for those willing to get trained was a failure, as was the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), a pet project of Modi. The PMKVY-2 which was announced in 2016, has also lagged behind targets as well finding jobs for those trained.
NSDC was in charge of the STAR and PMKVY-1 and its now implementing the PMKVY-2.
According to the PMKVY website, in 2016-17 NSDC trained 557,000 people but placed only 63,000 in jobs - a success rate of less than 12 per cent, against a requirement of 70 per cent.
On 9 August, the ministry told Lok Sabha that as of 31 July 2017, a total of 290,000 candidates had been given placement offers (not necessarily placed). Although the exact data on how many people were trained up to 31 July is not available immediately - a training target of around 1.8 million has been set in total for 2016-17 and 2017-18 and an overall training target of 10 million for 2020.
"If you look at the record of NSDC, much of the previous lending which it did is becoming NPA. It doesn't have a robust system. Thank the prime minister that he created this ministry to take control of the processes and the use of government money. Now, we have been able to control the process but lot of the damage has been done," Rudy had told Mint in an interview in May.
The ministry is now looking to strip NSDC from skill implementing responsibilities, Mint reported on 30 August. "NSDC role should only be funding, instead for programs like PMKVY, they need to have a separate department and all should report to National Skill Development Agency (NSDA)," said Zahid.
Once powerful, NSDA has been defunct for the last several months. Its chairman S. Ramadorai resigned last November and there were no full-time director generals for almost two years until last week when a new DG was appointed.
Almost three years on, Rudy's been replaced - and it's chaos. The targets are missing as much as the jobs for those who have been trained. The key skills body National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) is in the middle of nowhere, its top executives removed, its powers curtailed and its initials loans have turned bad.
Clearly, the new skills minister Dharmendra Pradhan and his new deputy Ananth Kumar Hegde have their work cut out. The big question is, can they deliver by the time the next general election comes along in 2019?
Petroleum minister Pradhan who has been elevated for his performance and given full charge of the skills ministry will have will have three key tasks at hand: accelerate the pace of skill development to achieve targets; bring jobs to the trainees; and put the whole skill eco-system in order.
"From PM downwards the skill mission is a clear priority. But where they are lagging is implementation on the ground. The new minister will have his plate full from day one," said Tahsin Zahid, chairman, skill development committee at industry lobby group PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
"We in Industry feel that despite funds and the intent, clarity in implementation was missing. If they wish to see impact before 2019, they need to put one system from day one and try their best to execute it without changing too many things every other month. That destabilizes the system and it has happened in past," Zahid said.
To be sure, one cannot blame Rudy and the skills ministry entirely as 22 departments and ministries are involved in the Skill India mission creating a complex situation for a three-year-old ministry which has to build everything from scratch.
Besides, NSDC, the key skills funding and implementing body, does not have the capability to do everything. For example, the STAR (Standard Training Assessment and Reward) scheme that introduced a monetary incentive system for those willing to get trained was a failure, as was the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana (PMKVY), a pet project of Modi. The PMKVY-2 which was announced in 2016, has also lagged behind targets as well finding jobs for those trained.
NSDC was in charge of the STAR and PMKVY-1 and its now implementing the PMKVY-2.
According to the PMKVY website, in 2016-17 NSDC trained 557,000 people but placed only 63,000 in jobs - a success rate of less than 12 per cent, against a requirement of 70 per cent.
On 9 August, the ministry told Lok Sabha that as of 31 July 2017, a total of 290,000 candidates had been given placement offers (not necessarily placed). Although the exact data on how many people were trained up to 31 July is not available immediately - a training target of around 1.8 million has been set in total for 2016-17 and 2017-18 and an overall training target of 10 million for 2020.
"If you look at the record of NSDC, much of the previous lending which it did is becoming NPA. It doesn't have a robust system. Thank the prime minister that he created this ministry to take control of the processes and the use of government money. Now, we have been able to control the process but lot of the damage has been done," Rudy had told Mint in an interview in May.
The ministry is now looking to strip NSDC from skill implementing responsibilities, Mint reported on 30 August. "NSDC role should only be funding, instead for programs like PMKVY, they need to have a separate department and all should report to National Skill Development Agency (NSDA)," said Zahid.
Once powerful, NSDA has been defunct for the last several months. Its chairman S. Ramadorai resigned last November and there were no full-time director generals for almost two years until last week when a new DG was appointed.
Cabinet reshuffled to put focus on skill development and employment generation
With job creation lagging targets, Prime Minister Narendra Modi on Sunday
brought in new ministers for three key ministries - labour and employment, skill
development and entrepreneurship, and the ministry of micro, small and medium
enterprises (MSME).
Through this, the Prime Minister has put the spotlight on employment generation again, an agenda that made him popular among a huge young and aspirational demography in the run-up to the 2014 general elections.
Missing jobs continue to haunt the government three years after it assumed office. India faces the challenge of creating jobs for a predominantly young population. But though a million people are entering the workforce every month, the number of jobs created is far lower; between 2011-12 and 2015-16, India created 3.65 million jobs a year, according to industry lobby group Confederation of Indian Industry.
While the change in ministers is seen as an indictment of those who led the ministries, the question is whether the new set of ministers - Dharmendra Pradhan as skills minister with Anant Kumar Hegde as his junior minister, Santosh Gangwar as labour minister and Giriraj Singh as minister of state (independent charge) of MSME - can deliver better outcomes for employment generation.
"In 2014, jobs and skills were two key drivers of the ruling coalition. To be honest, we have fallen short on both labour reforms and skill development," said Rituparna Chakraborty, senior vice-president of staffing company Teamlease Services. MSMEs can create a lot of jobs provided the authorities ensure a conducive atmosphere, she added. "It is expected that the new ministers will be required to deliver hard numbers and more so before 2019," she added.
Pradhan is considered a good performer and his elevation to cabinet rank was an indication of that. He will now manage both petroleum and skills ministries.
Pradhan and Hegde will have three key tasks at hand: accelerate the pace of skill development to achieve targets; bring jobs to the trainees; and put the whole skill ecosystem in order.
"We in industry feel that despite funds and the intent, clarity in implementation was missing. If they wish to see an impact before 2019, they need to put one system from day one and try their best to execute it without changing too many things every other month," said Tahsin Zahid, chairman, skill development committee at industry lobby group PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
Zahid said skill training without job linkages will be counterproductive and implementing agencies need to fix accountability. For example, according to official date, under the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, a flagship skills scheme, in 2016-17 the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) trained 557,000 people but placed only 63,000 in Jobs - a success rate of less than 12 per cent, against a requirement of 70 per cent.
In labour, Gangwar will have to restart the reform process and create an environment where industries will feel at ease to do hiring without regulatory constraints. He too will have to take along the powerful trade unions who allege the government has been ignoring them.
Gangwar told India Today TV channel on Sunday that he knows the importance of jobs and will work to expedite job creation. He also said he is for taking the labour unions along in critical decision makings.
"Employment protection is good but they have to create atmosphere of job creation by promoting industry and entrepreneurship. It's time for taking bold labour reform decisions," Chakraborty added.
She said the MSME ministry faces further challenges because small companies have been disrupted by both demonetisation and the goods and services tax. MSMEs are job drivers and it's important to create a policy which will help them grow, she added.
Through this, the Prime Minister has put the spotlight on employment generation again, an agenda that made him popular among a huge young and aspirational demography in the run-up to the 2014 general elections.
Missing jobs continue to haunt the government three years after it assumed office. India faces the challenge of creating jobs for a predominantly young population. But though a million people are entering the workforce every month, the number of jobs created is far lower; between 2011-12 and 2015-16, India created 3.65 million jobs a year, according to industry lobby group Confederation of Indian Industry.
While the change in ministers is seen as an indictment of those who led the ministries, the question is whether the new set of ministers - Dharmendra Pradhan as skills minister with Anant Kumar Hegde as his junior minister, Santosh Gangwar as labour minister and Giriraj Singh as minister of state (independent charge) of MSME - can deliver better outcomes for employment generation.
"In 2014, jobs and skills were two key drivers of the ruling coalition. To be honest, we have fallen short on both labour reforms and skill development," said Rituparna Chakraborty, senior vice-president of staffing company Teamlease Services. MSMEs can create a lot of jobs provided the authorities ensure a conducive atmosphere, she added. "It is expected that the new ministers will be required to deliver hard numbers and more so before 2019," she added.
Pradhan is considered a good performer and his elevation to cabinet rank was an indication of that. He will now manage both petroleum and skills ministries.
Pradhan and Hegde will have three key tasks at hand: accelerate the pace of skill development to achieve targets; bring jobs to the trainees; and put the whole skill ecosystem in order.
"We in industry feel that despite funds and the intent, clarity in implementation was missing. If they wish to see an impact before 2019, they need to put one system from day one and try their best to execute it without changing too many things every other month," said Tahsin Zahid, chairman, skill development committee at industry lobby group PHD Chamber of Commerce and Industry.
Zahid said skill training without job linkages will be counterproductive and implementing agencies need to fix accountability. For example, according to official date, under the Pradhan Mantri Kaushal Vikas Yojana, a flagship skills scheme, in 2016-17 the National Skill Development Corporation (NSDC) trained 557,000 people but placed only 63,000 in Jobs - a success rate of less than 12 per cent, against a requirement of 70 per cent.
In labour, Gangwar will have to restart the reform process and create an environment where industries will feel at ease to do hiring without regulatory constraints. He too will have to take along the powerful trade unions who allege the government has been ignoring them.
Gangwar told India Today TV channel on Sunday that he knows the importance of jobs and will work to expedite job creation. He also said he is for taking the labour unions along in critical decision makings.
"Employment protection is good but they have to create atmosphere of job creation by promoting industry and entrepreneurship. It's time for taking bold labour reform decisions," Chakraborty added.
She said the MSME ministry faces further challenges because small companies have been disrupted by both demonetisation and the goods and services tax. MSMEs are job drivers and it's important to create a policy which will help them grow, she added.
Quelle beider Artikel: Skill Reporter, skillreporter.com, 03.09.2017