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NSSO released 68th Round data on Status of Education and Vocational Training in India

National Sample Survey Office (NSSO) on 22 September 2015 released the data of 68th Round on Status of Education and Vocational Training in India.

This report is based on the employment and unemployment survey conducted in the 68th round of NSS during July 2011 to June 2012. The survey was spread over 12737 FSUs (7469 villages and 5268 urban blocks) covering 101724 households (59700 in rural areas and 42024 in urban areas) and enumerating 456999 persons (280763 in rural areas and 176236 in urban areas).

Literacy rates in General

• 18.2 percent of households in rural areas and 5.9 percent in urban areas do not have a single literate member in the age-group 15 years and above who could read and write a simple message with understanding.
• Literacy rate among persons of age 7 years and above was 74.7 percent in 2011-12 of which 70 percent were in rural areas and 86 percent in urban areas.
• The male and female literacy rate in rural areas was 79.1 percent and 60.6 percent respectively. In urban areas, the literacy rates were 91.1 percent for males and 80.3 percent for females.
• Among persons of age 15 years and above, only 2.4 percent had technical degrees or diplomas or certificates. The proportion was 1.1 percent in rural areas and 5.5 percent in urban areas.

Current attendance in educational institution among persons of age 5-29 years

• About 57.7 percent of people in the age group 5-29 years were estimated as 'currently attending'  educational institutions.
• In rural areas, 57.4 percent of the persons of age 5-29 years currently attended educational institutions compared to 58.5 percent in urban areas.
• Among persons of age 5-29 years, about 64.5percent were currently attending 'Government and local body educational institutions', 22.5 percent were currently attending private unaided institutions and 12.3 percent were currently attending private aided institutions.
• 'To supplement household income'  was the main reason for more than 70 percent of males for currently not attending any educational institution.
• 'To attend domestic chores' was the single reason for more than half of females not attending any educational institution.
• About 27 percent in rural areas and 26.4 percent in urban areas reported that they never attended any educational institution as 'education not considered necessary'.
• About 3.6 percent in rural areas and 3.4 percent in urban areas reported that they never attended any educational institution as the schools were too far.
• In rural areas 24.7 percent of males and 28.4 per cent of females and in urban areas, 22.9 percent of males and 29 percent of females reported the reason 'education not considered necessary' for never attending educational institution.
• Among males, nearly 25 per cent in rural areas and 33.2 per cent in urban areas reported the reason 'to supplement household income'
• Among females, nearly 29.3 percent in rural areas and 28.1 percent in urban areas reported the reason ‘to attend domestic chores’ for never attending educational institution.

Vocational Training among persons of age 15-59 years

• Among persons of age 15-59 years, about 2.2 percent reported to have received formal vocational training and 8.6 percent reported to have received non-formal vocational training.
• In rural areas, nearly 1.6 percent of males compared to 0.9 percent of females and in urban areas, nearly 5 percent of males compared to 3.3 percent of females reported to have received formal vocational training.
• In rural areas, nearly 11.1 percent of males compared to 5.5 percent of females and in urban areas, nearly 13.7 percent of males compared to 4.3 percent of females reported to have received non-formal vocational training.
• Among rural males who received/were receiving formal vocational training, the share was the highest (22.3 percent) for field of training 'driving and motor mechanic work' while among urban males it was the highest for 'computer trades' (26.3 percent).
• Among rural females, who received/were receiving formal vocational training the share was the highest for 'textile related work' (32.2 percent) while among the urban females it was the highest for computer trades’ (30.4 percent).

Comment

The data on vocational education is worrisome as the rate of vocational training had barely increased between 2004-05 when the data was last collected and 2011-12.

This was despite former UPA government led by Manmohan Singh had announced an ambitious National Skill Policy in 2009 and created a National Skill Development Coordination Board earlier.

The data poses a serious challenge for the Skill India Mission of Prime Minister Narendra Modi-led NDA government which aims to train about 40 crore people by 2022.